Ascent: Ascent is accumulated height meters all uphill for a segment or a trail.
Elevation loss: Elevation loss is accumulated height meters all downhill for a segment or a trail.
See illustration below.
Mapping map and elevation profile:
1 on map = 2 in elevation profile
3 on map = 4 in elevation profile
5 on map = 6 in elevation profile
7 on map = 8 in elevation profile
Elevation profile:
Ascent:
From 2-4: 1310 m.o.h(4) - 1120 m.o.h (2) = 190 m
From 6-8: 1230 m.o.h(8) - 1220 m.o.h (6) = 10 m
Elevation loss:
Fra 4-6: 1310 m.o.h(4) - 1220 m.o.h (6) = 90 m